Which term describes subjective analysis focusing on non-numerical data?

Which term describes subjective analysis focusing on non-numerical data?

• A. Validity
• B. Test item analysis
• C. Qualitative evaluation
• D. Formative evaluation

Answer: (C)

Subjective interpretation of non-numerical data is captured by qualitative evaluation. When the focus is on descriptions, perceptions, interviews, observations, and other non-quantified information, the analysis seeks to identify themes, meanings, and patterns rather than assign numerical scores. This makes qualitative evaluation the best fit here because it specifically centers on non-numeric data and the insights drawn from interpreting that data. Validity is about whether a tool measures what it’s intended to measure and is typically evaluated with statistical evidence. Test item analysis examines how individual items perform using quantitative metrics. Formative evaluation involves ongoing assessment to improve a program and can include both qualitative and quantitative data, but it isn’t defined by focusing on non-numerical, subjective data.

Subjective interpretation of non-numerical data is captured by qualitative evaluation. When the focus is on descriptions, perceptions, interviews, observations, and other non-quantified information, the analysis seeks to identify themes, meanings, and patterns rather than assign numerical scores. This makes qualitative evaluation the best fit here because it specifically centers on non-numeric data and the insights drawn from interpreting that data.

Validity is about whether a tool measures what it’s intended to measure and is typically evaluated with statistical evidence. Test item analysis examines how individual items perform using quantitative metrics. Formative evaluation involves ongoing assessment to improve a program and can include both qualitative and quantitative data, but it isn’t defined by focusing on non-numerical, subjective data.